Joby and Archer Now Target 2027 for First U.S. eVTOL Passenger Operations

Joby Aviation and Archer Aviation are now targeting 2027 for initial U.S. passenger operations aboard their electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft, according to updates given during their third-quarter earnings calls. Both companies had previously anticipated carrying passengers sooner; Joby had outlined plans to begin passenger operations before the end of 2026 under the FAA's eVTOL Integration Pilot Program (eIPP). The revised timelines depend on additional flight testing and regulatory approvals.

According to its Nov. 4 shareholder letter, Joby has completed several certification tests and expects FAA pilot training and additional company flight testing during the first half of 2027. Those steps precede Type Inspection Authorization (TIA) flight testing, in which FAA pilots evaluate the aircraft as part of the certification process. Joby has already conducted demonstration flights in Texas and Florida under the eIPP, but passenger-carrying operations will require further certification progress.

Archer reported on Monday that its Midnight aircraft received an FAA Market Survey Special Airworthiness Certificate, allowing piloted demonstration flights in Los Angeles. The current authorization covers conventional runway operations. Archer must still complete a piloted transition from vertical to wingborne flight before pursuing market survey approval for vertical operations. On its Nov. 9 earnings call, company officials said that transition remains targeted for completion before the end of 2026, followed by additional flight testing.

Both developers continue to pursue full FAA type certification, which is required for routine commercial operations beyond the limited authorizations available under the demonstration programs.